Uniquement disponible en anglais Labour provisions in trade agreements have been criticised for minimal effectiveness in improving employment conditions. Five recent cases point to some benefits and to the lessons on when and how labour provisions can be effective. They make a difference in... Lire plus

Uniquement disponible en anglais In view of the formidable challenges ahead related to recovery from the Covid-19 crisis and to the green and digital transitions, the EU social governance toolbox should urgently be strengthened. This paper discusses the conditions for and added value of setting up... Lire plus

Uniquement disponible en anglais This paper describes the evolution of collective bargaining coverage in European countries during 2002-2018 and links it to changes in the evolution of the pay premia received by workers covered by collective bargaining. It uses evidence from the European Structure... Lire plus

Uniquement disponible en anglais Pension policy has gone through an intense period of reform over the past few decades. However, further changes are likely to take place in the near future. Major global trends, not only population ageing but also globalisation, technological innovation and climate... Lire plus

Uniquement disponible en anglais Policy implications Research shows that performance-related pay is becoming increasingly prevalent across the EU and that it contributes to pay inequalities between men and women. Men are more likely to receive performance-related pay, and in higher amounts, because... Lire plus

Uniquement disponible en anglais This paper presents some of the key insights from the second wave of the ETUI Internet and Platform Work Survey (ETUI IPWS) conducted in 14 member states of the European Union (EU) in Spring 2021. The use of standard probability sampling allows us to estimate the... Lire plus

L’Union européenne mène des combats actuellement sur deux fronts principaux, le Covid-19 et le changement climatique, même si des escarmouches ont lieu ailleurs – notamment en matière de migration et d’État de droit. Malgré des revers comme le variant Omicron, la science semble prendre lentement le... Lire plus

Uniquement disponible en anglais Policy considerations An over-inclusive application of EU competition rules restricts access to collective bargaining for self-employed workers, treating collective agreements as illegal cartel agreements. EU competition law neglects power imbalances in the labour... Lire plus

Uniquement disponible en anglais The European Green Deal sets out very ambitious goals for the EU. Carbon neutrality should be reached in 2050. The intermediate goal is a reduction in CO2 emissions of 55 per cent by 2030 compared with the 2005 level. In July 2021, the European Commission delivered... Lire plus

Uniquement disponible en anglais Following the adoption of Council directive 94/45/EC (the EWC directive) more than 1,250 EWCs were established. This industrial relations institution was intended to ensure transnational information and consultation were available to worker representatives within... Lire plus